Oop intrview questions in python

1. What is a class in Python, and how is it defined?
2. What is the difference between a class and an object in Python?
3. What is inheritance in Python OOP, and how does it work?
4. What is polymorphism in Python OOP, and how is it achieved?
5. Can you explain the difference between method overriding and method overloading in Python?
6. What is the difference between class attributes and instance attributes in Python?
7. How would you implement a singleton class in Python?
8. Can you explain the difference between the __str__ and __repr__ methods in Python classes?
9. What is a property in Python, and how is it defined and used?
10. Can you explain the difference between deep and shallow copying in Python?

These questions will help you assess a candidate’s understanding of OOP concepts in Python and their ability to apply them in practice.

the difference between the __str__ and __repr__ methods in Python classes?

In Python, the __str__ and __repr__ methods are used to define the string representation of an object. The main difference between these two methods is the purpose for which they are used.

__str__ is used to define the string representation of an object that is meant to be human-readable. This method should return a string that, when printed, provides a meaningful representation of the object that can be understood by a human. For example:

class Person:
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age

    def __str__(self):
        return f"Person(name={self.name}, age={self.age})"

person = Person("John Doe", 30)
print(person)  # Output: Person(name=John Doe, age=30)

__repr__ is used to define the string representation of an object that is meant to be unambiguous and usable for debugging. This method should return a string that, when passed to the eval() function, creates an object that is equal to the original. For example:

class Person:
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age

    def __repr__(self):
        return f"Person('{self.name}', {self.age})"

person = Person("John Doe", 30)
print(repr(person))  # Output: Person('John Doe', 30)

In general, it’s a good idea to implement both __str__ and __repr__ for your classes, so that you can control the string representation of your objects in both human-readable and unambiguous forms.